Navigating Law and Order: The Influence of Public Policy on Safety and Justice in Nigeria's Fourth Republic

Abstract

This study investigated the influence of religious extremism and ethnic divisions on public policy formulation, law enforcement, and the justice system in Nigeria. The aim was to understand how religious and ethnic tensions have shaped policies, affecting national security and justice. The study employed a qualitative approach, using secondary data sourced from scholarly articles, government reports, and media outlets. The theoretical framework adopted was John Rawls’ Theory of Justice, which emphasizes fairness and equality in public policy. The findings revealed three major issues: first, political manipulation and corruption within law enforcement have undermined the justice system, with the poor being disproportionately targeted while the elite remain protected. Second, religious extremism, particularly through groups like Boko Haram, has exacerbated insecurity and violence, contributing to further instability. Third, the unequal distribution of resources, often based on ethnic lines, has perpetuated social inequalities, fostering ethnic and religious conflicts. These issues have led to a justice system that is seen as biased and ineffective. The conclusion highlighted the need for comprehensive reforms, including equitable resource distribution, law enforcement reform, and promoting inter-religious dialogue. The study recommended that Nigeria adopt policies aimed at redistributing resources fairly, particularly to marginalized regions, and implement strict reforms in law enforcement to reduce political interference. Additionally, fostering religious dialogue and education was recommended to mitigate extremism and promote national unity. These recommendations aim to build a fairer, more just society, ensuring that all Nigerians, regardless of ethnicity or religion, have access to security and justice.